The idea of using DNA arrays to template the assembly of other functional molecules has been around for a while, but only recently has progress been made in reducing these kinds of schemes to practice. In 2006, researchers convalently attached gold nanoparticles to a DX-based tile and showed that self-assembly of the DNA structures also assembled the nanoparticles hosted on them. The first report of assembly with a non-covalent hosting scheme came in 2007, using Dervan polyamides on a DX array to arrange streptavidin proteins on the DNA array

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